Treatment options

1. Athlete’s foot 

Feet should be washed daily with soap and dried thoroughly. An antifungal treatment can then be applied and there are different types available over-the-counter (OTC).

Fungistatics slow down the rate at which the fungus grows. Most fungistatics (e.g. miconazole, clotrimazole and tolnaftate) should be applied two to three times a day. For bifonazole, treatment is once daily. Treatment should usually be continued after the infection has cleared to stop it returning. Customers should be advised to read the directions for use as these can differ between products. Example: Canesten Bifonazole Once Daily 1% w/w Cream. Some products also contain hydrocortisone to treat inflammation. Examples include: Daktacort HC, Canesten Hydrocortisone Cream. 

Fungicidal treatments kill the fungus and are usually applied once or twice a day for a week. The only fungicidal available over the counter is terbinafine. Example: Lamisil AT 1% Gel. 

2. Fungal nail infections 

Antifungal nail solutions (e.g. amorolfine), or those that reduce the nail’s pH to make the environment hostile to fungal growth, are available OTC for mild infections. Examples include: Curanail, Nailner.

These treatments can take months to work, with toenails typically needing nine to 12 months of treatment. A healthy nail growing from the base is a sign that the treatment is working. Oral antifungal tablets are available on prescription. 

3. Verrucas 

Salicylic acid, silver nitrate and salicylic acid in combination with lactic acid destroy verrucas. Most take up to 12 weeks to work. Example: Bazuka Gel. 

Freeze treatments may be suitable for stubborn cases or when rapid relief is desired, as they can remove verrucas in one treatment. Examples include Scholl Freeze Verruca and Wart Remover and Bazuka Sub-Zero.

4. Corns and calluses 

Salicylic acid can be used to remove layers of hard skin, along with a foot file or pumice stone. Salicylic acid should not be used on healthy skin. Cushioning products help relieve pressure on the affected area, reducing pain and preventing reoccurrence. A moisturising cream containing ingredients such as urea can also help. Examples include Scholl 2 in 1 Corn Express Pen and Carnation Callous Caps.