Undertaking an effective consultation

Speaking to any healthcare professional about your own mental health can be daunting and overwhelming at any age, but having these conversations may be particularly difficult and intimidating for a young person. Simple things such as introducing yourself by name and holding the consultation in a private space can make the patient feel more comfortable.

When undertaking a consultation with a young person, using open questions can be a useful way to help start the conversation. For example:

“I understand that you have been feeling really stressed recently; would you be able to tell me more about how you are feeling?”

Depending on the young person’s response you could then use more specific follow-up questions. 

When speaking with young people it is very important to not use medical jargon and complex words. Depending on the age of the young person even using words like ‘depression’ or ‘anxiety’ may be confusing or difficult for them to interpret.

Using more accessible language will allow the young person to fully engage in the consultation. For example, rather than asking: “How has your mood been recently?”

You could ask instead: “Have you been feeling down, sad or blue recently?”

Similarly, rather than asking: “Are you feeling anxious?” 

You could ask: “Are you worrying about lots of things currently?” Or: “Have you noticed you worry about more things than your friends of a similar age?”

It is important to be mindful that with older teenagers using overly simplified language may appear patronising, so a judgement call needs to be made on a case-by-case basis.

During a consultation it may be helpful to employ active listening. This can help build a rapport with the patient and help him or her feel that they are being heard. Active listening requires you to listen to the patient, understand what they are saying and reflect on what is being said. For example:

“It sounds like you are feeling really down at the moment, is that correct?”

Depending on the age of the young person, there may also be a parent/guardian present during the consultation. 

You may also be approached by a parent independently seeking support and advice regarding their child’s mental health. When speaking with parents it is important to be non-judgemental, open and empathetic. It is also important to consider whether the parent needs support for their own mental health while they are supporting a young person. Referring them for mental health or carer’s support may be appropriate.